{"id":157,"date":"2020-07-07T13:11:19","date_gmt":"2020-07-07T11:11:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/?p=157"},"modified":"2020-07-07T13:11:19","modified_gmt":"2020-07-07T11:11:19","slug":"biologie-de-la-truffe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/?p=157","title":{"rendered":"Biologie de la truffe"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\"><em>La truffe : Origine et classification <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La truffe est le nom vernaculaire donn\u00e9 \u00e0 la fructification souterraine ( hypog\u00e9ee) comestible d&rsquo;un champignon ascomyc\u00e8te ectomycorhizien .( source <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Truffe_(champignon)\">Wikipedia<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sa classification le place en proche cousin de la morille\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-379\" src=\"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/classification-truffe.jpg?w=502\" alt=\"\" width=\"298\" height=\"367\" \/>\n<figcaption>Classification de la truffe<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il existe environ 100 esp\u00e8ces du genre Tuber, toutes ne sont pas comestibles, seules 23 sont r\u00e9pertori\u00e9es et classifi\u00e9es parmi les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s recherch\u00e9es et exploit\u00e9es .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-385\" src=\"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/truffe-terres-rouges.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"187\" height=\"158\" \/>\n<figcaption>tuber melanosporum<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Quelques esp\u00e8ces de truffes r\u00e9colt\u00e9es en Europe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-386\" src=\"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/tableau-trufffes.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Seules les esp\u00e8ces Tuber melanosporum et tuber brumale ont le droit d&rsquo;\u00eatre d\u00e9nomm\u00e9es commercialement truffes noires et peuvent entrer du moins en France dans la fabrication de produits truff\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Composition Chimique de la truffe <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La truffe comme tout champignon est compos\u00e9e essentiellement d&rsquo;eau<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-387\" src=\"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/composition-truffe-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>\n<figcaption>Composition chimique de la truffe<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La truffe et l&rsquo;arbre une association pour le meilleur et pour le pire<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La truffe comme tout champignon ectomychorizien vit en symbiose avec son arbre h\u00f4te. Pendant une ann\u00e9e enti\u00e8re la truffe va \u00e9changer avec l&rsquo;abre et son milieu environnant pour arriver \u00e0 une fructification qui dure 9 mois !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le r\u00e9seau myc\u00e9lien va servir de r\u00e9serve d&rsquo;au pour l&rsquo;arbre h\u00f4te et lui permettre d&rsquo;assimiler en milieu calcaire les oligo-\u00e9l\u00e9ments n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 sa croissance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-388\" src=\"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/cycle-tuber-melanosorum.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contrairement aux id\u00e9es re\u00e7ues pendant des d\u00e9cennies le champignon ( le fruit comestible) est lui ind\u00e9pendant de l&rsquo;arbre h\u00f4te, il va donc devoir respirer, avoir acc\u00e8s a des r\u00e9serves d&rsquo;eau et de nourriture pour assurer sa croissance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-389\" src=\"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/cycle-annuel-truffe.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De la mycorhize \u00e0 la truffette<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De r\u00e9cents travaux men\u00e9s par l&rsquo;Inra ont d\u00e9mont\u00e9 que la truffe avait une reproduction sexu\u00e9e , il existe donc dans le sol des filaments myc\u00e9liens m\u00e2les et d&rsquo;autres femelles qui en formants des nids myc\u00e9liens vont donner des Avril naissances a des \u00e9bauches de truffe ( les truffettes) de quelques dixi\u00e8mes de mm qui vont ensuite grandir pour se rendre ind\u00e9pendants par rapport au r\u00e9seau myc\u00e9lien<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-390\" src=\"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/mycorhize-02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"267\" height=\"207\" \/>\n<figcaption>Mycorhizes<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-391\" src=\"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/trufette-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"285\" height=\"199\" \/>\n<figcaption>Truffette<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-395\" src=\"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/truffette-02-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"297\" height=\"227\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-396\" src=\"http:\/\/cannier-truffes.fr\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/grossisement-truffe-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"256\" height=\"183\" \/>\n<figcaption>Marque de grossissement<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La truffe : Origine et classification La truffe est le nom vernaculaire donn\u00e9 \u00e0 la fructification souterraine ( hypog\u00e9ee) comestible d&rsquo;un champignon ascomyc\u00e8te ectomycorhizien .( source Wikipedia) Sa classification le place en proche cousin de la morille\u00a0 Il existe environ 100 esp\u00e8ces du genre Tuber, toutes ne sont pas comestibles, seules 23 sont r\u00e9pertori\u00e9es et &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/?p=157\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> de &laquo;&nbsp;Biologie de la truffe&nbsp;&raquo;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=157"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=157"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=157"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cannier-truffes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=157"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}